SUMMARY:
- Most human organs can
regenerate their cells after they experience some damage. Unfortunately, this
doesn't refer to the heart.
- In 2015, a group of researchers
from Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital announced that
they’d figured out how to deal with the issue of organ shortage.
- The answer lies in human
skin cells, which can regenerate human heart tissue.
- First of all, the scientists
stripped the hearts of part of their cells. After that, they used an innovative
technique to turn adult skin cells into special stem cells that were capable of
creating different cell types.
- As a result, in two
weeks, the scientists got hearts with well-developed structure and tissue. They
looked exactly like any other immature human heart.
- The researchers do
currently have a plan that will help them achieve their aim. They want to
increase the number of versatile stem cells.
- Scientists from the Ohio
State University have grown a tiny brain about the size of a pencil eraser.
This organoid is genetically similar to the brain of a 5-week-old fetus.
- In 2013, a group of
Australian scientists from Murdoch Children's Research Institute and the University
of Queensland cultivated a mini-kidney from stem cells.
- That same year,
scientists at New York’s Weill Cornell Medical College managed to 3D-print
human ears for the first time!
- A tiny human stomach
about 0.1 inches in diameter took just a month to grow in a Petri dish.
- Researchers from several
universities collaborated and grew 3D mini-lungs. These organoids had both
well-developed airway structures and lung sacks.
- An international team of
scientists managed to grow a working food pipe at Kuban State Medical
University in Russia. It took them a mere 3 weeks, and they used stem cells to
pull it off.
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each year over 4,000
Americans need a
heart transplant but only
half of them
will get one and even if
they do there's
a high risk that their body
will reject
the new heart because their
immune
system may start a campaign
against the
alien cells that's the
current situation
just in the u.s. leak I
know but that
all may change any day now
since
scientists seem to have
found a way to
grow functioning hearts in
the lab most
human organs can regenerate
their cells
after they experience some
damage
that's just how incredible
our bodies
are unfortunately this
doesn't refer to
the heart if a person has a
heart attack
the dead or damaged heart
cells can't
regenerate instead they get
replaced
with scar tissue and that's
a serious
threat send such scar
tissue neither
transmits electric impulses
nor
contracts as a result the
heart fails
that's why it's crucial to
find a
solution to the problem of heart
transplants and scientists
are so close
to saving the day in 2015 a
group of
researchers from Harvard
Medical School
and Massachusetts General
Hospital
announced that they'd
figured out how to
deal with the issue of
organ shortage
besides that they'd also
found a way to
reduce the chances that a
patient's body
would reject a newly
transplanted organ
the answer lies in human
skin cells
which can regenerate human
heart tissue
did you catch that heart
cells from the
skin the researchers
followed the
technique based on a
detergent solution
to really simplify an
incredibly complex
procedure they basically
rid a donor
heart of the cells that
could
potentially start an
unwanted immune
reaction remember it's
because of this
immune rejection that a
patient's body
doesn't accept a
transplanted organ the
researchers tested this
method on 73
donor hearts the organs
weren't suitable
for transplantation and
therefore could
be used for research
purposes first of
all the scientist stripped
the hearts of
part of their cells after
that they used
an innovated technique to
turn adult
skin cells into special
stem cells that
were capable of creating
different cell
types
and since they can
potentially become
any kind of cell though
researchers turn
them into two types of
heart tissue the
next step was to make sure
that these
versatile cells didn't get
rejected by
the rest of the heart for
the following
two weeks the hearts
covered with the
new cells stayed in a
nutrient solution
on top of that the
researchers put the
developing heart under the
same
conditions it would be once
inside the
body as a result in two
weeks the
scientists got hearts with
well-developed structure
and tissue they
looked exactly like any
other immature
human heart and most
importantly after
the scientists gave a shock
of
electricity to the organs
are you ready
for this they started to
beat naturally
the final goal of this
research is to
grow a full scale human
heart
unfortunately up to this
point
scientists haven't managed
to develop a
working heart from a patient's
own
tissues remember the hearts
used in this
experiment were given to
the researchers
because they couldn't be
transplanted
plus there are some other
issues
surrounding the structure
of the heart
that scientists still need
to perfect
but the fact of the matter
is that this
organ can be successfully
grown in the
lab there the cells can
develop inside a
special structure the
researchers do
currently have a plan that
will help
them achieve their aim they
want to
increase the number of
versatile stem
cells after all a real full
scale heart
will need tens of billions
of them next
the scientists will try to
find out how
to make these cells mature
faster
because time is of the
essence when it
comes to needing an organ
transplant and
the final step will be to
improve the
body like conditions in
which the hearts
will grow the researchers
are sure that
this approach will help
them grow
customized hearts if it
works patients
won't have to worry about
their bodies
rejecting their own heart
and that
bright siders is incredible
news however
the heart isn't the only
organ to be
grown in the lab scientists
have already
successfully cultivated
several
structures of the human
body on top of
that they worked out how to
grow
organoids
which are itsy-bitsy human
organs
for example scientists from
the Ohio
State University have grown
a tiny brain
about the size of a pencil
eraser this
organoid is genetically
similar to the
brain of a five week old
fetus believe
it or not all of its
neurons function
correctly and everything in
2013 a group
of Australian scientists
from Murdoch
Children's Research
Institute and the
University of Queensland
cultivated a
mini kidney from stem cells
their first
organoid which was grown in
a petri dish
contained just two types of
cells but
the most recent attempt was
more
successful the scientists
developed an
organ similar to a normal
human kidney
it contained all types of
kidney cells
researchers hope that such
organoids can
help in cell therapy
disease modeling
and drug testing that same
year
scientists at New York's
Weill Cornell
Medical College managed to
3d print
human ears for the first
time they
started by making a model
of a child's
ear and then sent it to a
3d printer
after that they covered the
frame with
living cells and the cells
grew around
this model within just
three months the
ear had developed its own
cartilage a
tiny human stomach about
0.1 inches in
diameter took just a month
to grow in a
petri dish
the lab-grown mini stomach
looks
astonishingly similar to
the real thing
dr. James M well from
Cincinnati
Children's Hospital Medical
Center is
sure that one day these
mini stomachs
will help scientists
understand the
complex processes going on
in the human
stomach by studying it
researchers can figure out
how the
stomach develops or what
diseases can
strike it besides it'll get
much easier
to understand the effects
of gastric
diseases caused by
different bacteria
can have on this organ
researchers from
several universities
collaborated and
grew 3d mini luxe these
organoids had
both well-developed airway
structures
and lung sacs the lungs
functioned for
over three months according
to the
study's lead scientist dr.
Jason R
Spence from the University
of Michigan
the mini lungs mimic the
real tissues
response it means that with
our help researchers can
examine the
changes that happen in the
human lungs
when they're diseased
besides the organoids can
show how real
lungs may react to
particular
experimental drugs the
largest internal
organ of your body which is
your liver
can repair itself and
regenerate tissue
when it's where it should
be that is but
scientist experienced
enormous
difficulties every time
they tried to
cultivate it outside the
human body it
was very hard to keep liver
cells alive
but in 2015
researchers from Germany
and Israel
managed to grow liver cells
in the lab
they published their
research in the
journal Nature
Biotechnology so far it
isn't a real organ or
organoid but they
do believe that the
developed cells are
the first step to growing
an actual full
scale liver and finally
there's the food
pipe or esophagus if you
want to get
technical it connects your
throat with
your stomach at 8 inches
long this organ
is relatively small you
probably imagine
it like a hollow tube where
food slips
down like a water slide
but that's not the case at
all the
muscles of the esophagus
have to work
hard they contract to move
the food down
to your stomach so it's
actually a
pretty complex organ but an
international team of
scientists managed
to grow a working food pipe
at ku-band
State Medical University in
Russia
it took them a mere three
weeks and they
used you guessed it stem
cells to pull
it off the newly grown
organ proved its
durability after the
researchers
inflated and deflated it
10,000 times so
what do you think about
growing human
organs in the lab share
your thoughts in
the comments below remember
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to stay on the bright side
of life
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