so what does a stock market crash
actually look like that is what we are
going to be discussing in today's video
I want to start off by sharing a quote
from John Templeton it is very valuable
in understanding what actually causes a
markets are born on pessimism grown on
skepticism mature on optimism and die on
euphoria later on in this video we're
gonna go over the stages of a bull
market we're gonna draw it out on my
whiteboard but I want to plant that seed
in your head to get you to start
thinking about what happens when a bull
market actually comes to a close the
truth is everyone likes to talk about
the upside the market has the potential
gains the potential returns but very few
people like to actually talk about the
potential downside risk as well or what
happens when you make a bad investment
or invest in the market at a terrible
time stop I'm not telling you guys not
to invest in the stock market all I'm
telling you to do is use common sense
honestly that's what it comes down to at
the end of the day common sense will
keep you out of trouble
when you invest in the stock market so
I've been getting a lot of emails from
people lately asking about bear markets
asking about whether or not I think the
stock market is going to crash anytime
soon and one thing you'll learn once
you've been investing for a long time is
that timing the market is pretty much
impossible you might be right once in a
while but you're gonna be wrong a lot of
the time as well and so as far as when
the next market crash will occur your
guess is as good as mine well bear
markets are a very normal thing they're
a very healthy part of the market and
it's something we have to deal with once
in a while and there are countless
examples of bear markets or market
crashes that have occurred in the past
we have tulip mania back in the 1600s
there was the Wall Street Crash of 1929
Black Monday in 1987 and in this video
we're gonna be talking about the dot-com
bubble that formed in the early 2000s we
had the financial crisis of 2008 and
most recently we have this
cryptocurrency sell-off that has
occurred so what do all of these market
crashes have in common what they have in
common is that a speculative bubble had
formed and a speculative bubble forms
when an asset is trading at a price that
highly exceeds the intrinsic or
underlying value so in this video we're
going to be using Yahoo as an example to
show you what it actually looks like
when a stock
trading in a speculative bubble and what
it means when a stock is trading at a
price that exceeds the intrinsic value
and I know I'm using a lot of
complicated financial lingo here but I
promise you we're gonna keep it very
simple using a lemonade stand as an
example but we are going to analyze the
dot-com bubble of the early 2000s to
better understand what causes a bubble
or a speculative bubble to form and what
a market crash actually looks like so
back in 1994 these two college students
decided to create a searchable index of
websites and later on this became Yahoo
now a few years later this company went
public and the general public like you
and I could invest in shares of Yahoo
stock now during the dot-com bubble the
stocks of technology companies and
primarily those involved with the
internet absolutely exploded in Yahoo
was no exception to that
now do keep in mind that the actual
value a company has is determined by the
market or what you or I would be willing
to pay for one share of that stock it's
all based on supply and demand or the
fear and greed the market has and when a
bubble is forming people are being very
greedy and the price keeps on climbing
so at one point in time at the peak of
the dot-com bubble Yahoo stock was
trading at an earnings multiple or price
to earnings ratio of over 1,000 now I
know that's a term you might not be
familiar with so we're gonna jump over
to my board here and do an example of
this looking at a lemonade stand as
promised earlier so let's go ahead and
assume this is you right here this is
your lemonade stand and you're selling
glasses of ice-cold lemonade for $1 and
it's a summer business and you're able
to make $1,000 of earnings every single
year that you operate this lemonade
stand but now you decided you're gonna
go off to college and you don't want to
be running a lemonade stand anymore so
you say I'm gonna sell the business so
let's say you have two offers on the
table for your lemonade stand okay we
know that the earnings potential from
this lemonade stand is 1,000 dollars per
year and all for number one is for ten
thousand dollars
so this investor is willing to pay
$10,000 for something that is earning
$1,000 per year and if that lemonade
stand continued to generate one thousand
dollars per year of earnings he would
have his investment back in just ten
years
that right there is a reasonable
investment that would be a PE or price
to earnings ratio of 10
now this is what happened with Yahoo
stock that would be like somebody coming
in and offering you 1 million dollars
for a lemonade stand generating 1000
dollars of earnings per year so it would
take you 1,000 years to get your money
back if that lemonade stand is
generating 1000 dollars per year that is
exactly what happened with Yahoo stock
people were paying 1000 times the
earnings potential of that company at
that point in time it is no different
than paying a million dollars for a
lemonade stand that's generating one
thousand dollars per year of earnings
now yes Yahoo is a technology company
and they were involved with a
cutting-edge service being offered so
it's a little bit different than
lemonade but the pricing example here is
no different so to answer the question
of what a stock market crash actually
looks like let's go ahead and talk about
what happened to Yahoo stock after this
speculative bubble burst so if you were
looking to buy shares of Yahoo stock
back on January 3rd of 2000 you would
have paid the all-time high for the
stock of 1 1875 per share and on
September 26th of 2001 Yahoo stock
bottomed out at four dollars and five
cents per share so if you were the
unfortunate soul who bought Yahoo stock
at the very top and then sold it at the
very bottom you would have sustained a
ninety six point six percent loss but
let's go ahead and put that into numbers
let's say you invested ten thousand
dollars in Yahoo stock at the very peak
and sold at the bottom you would have
$340 left of that $10,000 that right
there is what a stock market crash can
look like it can be very painful it can
be a 90 plus percent loss but I want to
bring it back to that lemonade stand
example these were people willing to pay
a million dollars for a lemonade stand
generating one thousand dollars per year
of earnings it just didn't make
financial sense and there was no way
that price was sustainable for any long
period of time and this right here is
what a bubble looks like it starts off
with enthusiasm on the left and then
this turns into pure greed we see the
first sell-off and then they enter a
stage of denial where they think they
are buying the dip but really there is
much more to lose at that point fear
sets in and that price falls in some
cases below where it even started when
despair sets in and after this point you
typically begin to see a healthy
appreciation
of that asset so now that we know what a
stock market crash looks like and what a
speculative bubble is I want to give you
guys five tips to avoid getting caught
up in such a situation as many people
did with Yahoo stock back in the early
2000s number one is very simple that is
to avoid following the herd if everyone
out there is buying a particular stock
or particular asset do not buy that
asset
it is likely trading on a speculative
basis or it will be very shortly and you
don't want to be involved in that my
second piece of advice to you is to
learn how to value a company by
conducting fundamental stock analysis
now that's more than I can teach you
guys in this video and I actually have a
full 10-part course on fundamental stock
analysis which is part of my membership
site stock radar and you might be
interested in checking that out if
you're looking to learn more about how
to value a company but by conducting
fundamental stock analysis and beginning
to understand the underlying value of an
asset or a stock you can determine
whether or not that stock is overvalued
fairly valued or undervalued and you
will avoid getting caught up in a trap
like people did with Yahoo stock and
then my third piece of advice is simply
to buy low I'm sure we've heard the
words of Warren Buffett before buy low
and sell high and people who are
investing in stocks or assets that are
trading in a speculative basis or
forming a bubble or buying assets at
all-time highs I would never recommend
buying a stock or any asset when it's
approaching or reaching an all-time high
as a value investor I buy low and I sell
high and I'm greedy when others are
fearful that is what you want to do to
be a successful investor number four is
very simple as well and it's a rule you
may want to follow and that is to only
invest in profitable companies if a
company is not turning a profit it is
probably not investment worthy and it's
likely trading on a speculative basis
and it's a stock you may wish to avoid
and then fifth and finally my last tip
for you is to remember the lemonade
stand example and think about whether or
not it makes sense to pay a million
dollars for a lemonade stand generating
one thousand dollars worth of earnings
and you can use that analogy anytime
you're looking at the p/e or price to
earnings ratio of a company anyways guys
that's going to wrap up this video thank
you so much for watching if you have a
friend or family member who might enjoy
this video as well please do not forget
to pass it
and share it with somebody else now if
you're new to my channel and this is the
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video if you enjoyed and I just want to
make sure this lesson really sunk in
with you as the viewer so make sure you
comment down below and in your own words
describe what a speculative bubble is
but thank you guys so much for watching
and I hope to see you in the next video
if you are interested in learning more
about investing in the stock market I've
created a free course just for you the
link is in the description below here
are a few other videos you might enjoy
as well
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